اغريغوريوس
محاور
[FONT="]بسم الآب والابن والروح القدس اله واحد امين[/FONT]
ـ
فجأة، أعطاني الآلة الحاسبة، وقال: احسب أنت.. لقد مللت من تكرار الحساب.. ولست أدري هل الآلة هي المخطئة.. أم هذه النسخ هي المخطئة؟أمسكت بالآلة، فراح يقرأ دون أن ينتظر مني أي إجابةلِجَرْشُونَ عَشِيرَةُ اللِّبْنِيِّينَ وَعَشِيرَةُ الشَّمْعِيِّينَ. هَذِهِ هِيَ عَشَائِرُ الجَرْشُونِيِّينَ. المَعْدُودُونَ مِنْهُمْ بِعَدَدِ كُلِّ ذَكَرٍ مِنِ ابْنِ شَهْرٍ فَصَاعِداً المَعْدُودُونَ مِنْهُمْ سَبْعَةُ آلافٍ وَخَمْسُ مِئَةٍ ) (العدد 3/21-22).. التفت إلي، وقال: عدد الجرشون من ابن شهر فصاعداً 7500 فرداً.. اكتب 7500.
كتبتها، ثم راح يقرأالتفت إلي، وقال: عدد بنى قهات أليعازر 8600.. أضف إلى العدد السابق 8600.أضفتها، ثم راح يقرأالتفت إلي، وقال: عدد مرارى 6200.. أضف إلى ما سبق 6200.أضفتها، فقال: احسب الآن المجموع.. كم تجده؟حسبت، فقلت: 7500 + 8600 + 6200 تساوي 300 22.قال: ولكن الكتاب المقدس يقول غير هذا.. اسمع.. راح يقرأأين الثلاثمائة من بني لاوي.. أين ذهب الثلاثمائة من بني لاوي..!؟ راح يكرر ذلك، ويضع يده على رأسه، وكأنه مسؤول عن ضياعهم، ثم قال: هل الرب الذي خلق كل هذا الكون المؤسس على حساب دقيق لا يعرف كيف يحل مسألة جمع بهذه البساطة.. إن هذا النص يكاد يجنني.لم أجد ما أقول له.. لكنه تماسك قليلا، ثم شرب قليلا من العصير كان بجانبه، وقال: لا بأس.. قد نقبل هذا الخطأ.. لكنه ليس الخطأ الوحيد.
الرد
ادعي المشكك وجود خطأ حسابي نتيجة لجمعة ما جاء في سفر العدد الاصحاح الثالث :-
ويسال المعترض [FONT="]حسبت، فقلت: 7500 + 8600 + 6200 تساوي 300 22.[/FONT]
[FONT="]قال: ولكن الكتاب المقدس يقول غير هذا.. اسمع.. راح يقرأ جَمِيعُ المَعْدُودِينَ مِنَ اللاوِيِّينَ الذِينَ عَدَّهُمْ مُوسَى وَهَارُونُ حَسَبَ قَوْلِ الرَّبِّ بِعَشَائِرِهِمْ كُلُّ ذَكَرٍ مِنِ ابْنِ شَهْرٍ فَصَاعِداً اثْنَانِ وَعِشْرُونَ أَلفاً )(العدد: 3/39)[/FONT]
جَمِيعُ المَعْدُودِينَ مِنَ اللاوِيِّينَ الذِينَ عَدَّهُمْ مُوسَى وَهَارُونُ حَسَبَ قَوْلِ الرَّبِّ بِعَشَائِرِهِمْ كُلُّ ذَكَرٍ مِنِ ابْنِ شَهْرٍ فَصَاعِداً اثْنَانِ وَعِشْرُونَ أَلفاً )(العدد: 3/39)[/FONT][FONT="]أين الثلاثمائة من بني لاوي.. أين ذهب الثلاثمائة من بني لاوي..!؟ [/FONT]
لكن لعدم تدقيقة او الرجوع للايات وقع في اشكالية نتيجة لعدم المامه الكامل بالكتاب المقدس ساطرح اراء العلماء .الرأي الاول الذي ارجحة :-
هو ما قالة تفسير ويسلي (John Wesley, M.A)حيث قال ان استخدام الاعداد الكبيرة تجعلنا نهمل الاعداد الصغيرة (1)اي ان الكتاب استخدم رقم 22.000 للتقريب بدلاً من 22.300 فاسلوب تقريب الارقام لم يكن غريباً علي الكتاب المقدس يقول كتاب The Apologetics Study Bible يمكن حل التعارض عن طريق امرين الاول ان رقم 22.000 كرقم مماثل علي غرار رقم عدد اسرائيل فالكتاب ذكر في سفر الخروج الاصحاح الثاني عشر 12: 37 فارتحل بنو اسرائيل من رعمسيس الى سكوت نحو ست مئة الف ماش من الرجال عدا الاولاد مقابل الرقم باكثر دقة 603,550 في سفر الخروج Exo 38:26 للراس نصف الشاقل بشاقل المقدس. لكل من اجتاز الى المعدودين من ابن عشرين سنة فصاعدا. لست مئة الف وثلاثة الاف وخمس مئة وخمسين (2) ورجح هذا الراي اخرون منهم ما يذكرة تفسيل جيل ان ابن عزرا ذكر ان الكتاب اخذ الالاف وترك المئات بنفس المفهوم الذي اوردناه سابقاً
الراي الثاني
هو ما قالة عدد من المفسرين اليهود من ضمنهم الرابي راشي حينما قال ان 300 هم من ابكار اللاويين التي كان يجب ان تعفي من الفداء ويشير تفسير جيل ان التلمود ذكر ان لا يعوض بكر عن بكر فالثلاثمئة يخضعون لهذة القاعدة,وهذا راي مرجح ايضاً
الراي الثالث
ان 300 الغير محسوبين هم غير صالحين لخلاص اسرائيل وهذا ما قالة كتاب The Bible knowledge commentary واكدة Believer's Study Bible. 1997 ان الثلاثمئة هم غير صالحين لاجل خلاص اسرائيل
الرأي الرابع
ان هناك خطأ نسخي ما بين الرقمين 8600 بفارق 300 ليصبح 8300 هذا افترضة بعض العلماء ولم يجذمو به بل قال بعضهم انه ربما may be والبعض الاخر اعتمد علي نسخة يونانية ترجع للقرن الثاني للعهد القديم تسمي Lucianic وهذا الحل لا ارجحة لعدة اسباب وهي : ان رقم ستة يشبه الرقم ثلاثة باستثناء حرف واحد ses [שֵׁשׁ] as salos [שָׁלֹשׁ]). فلهذا افترض بعض الدارسين وقوع خطأ نسخي نتيجة لتقارب الرقمين لكن هذا مجرد افتراض فقط فعند الرجوع للمخطوطات والترجمة السبعينية نجد الاتي:-
نص مخطوطة لينينجراد الرقم بها 8600
3:28בְּמִסְפַּר֙ כָּל־זָכָ֔ר מִבֶּן־חֹ֖דֶשׁ וָמָ֑עְלָה שְׁמֹנַ֤ת אֲלָפִים֙ וְשֵׁ֣שׁ מֵא֔וֹת שֹׁמְרֵ֖י מִשְׁמֶ֥רֶת הַקֹּֽדֶשׁ
Latin: Biblia Sacra Vulgata
omnes generis masculini ab uno mense et supra octo milia sescenti habebunt excubias sanctuarii
التناخ اليهودي
النص في التراجم الانجليزية جميعها 8600 وليس 8300
New International Version (©1984)
The number of all the males a month old or more was 8,600. The Kohathites were responsible for the care of the sanctuary.
The number of all the males a month old or more was 8,600. The Kohathites were responsible for the care of the sanctuary.
New Living Translation (©2007)
There were 8,600 males one month old or older among these Kohathite clans. They were responsible for the care of the sanctuary,
There were 8,600 males one month old or older among these Kohathite clans. They were responsible for the care of the sanctuary,
English Standard Version (©2001)
According to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, there were 8,600, keeping guard over the sanctuary.
According to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, there were 8,600, keeping guard over the sanctuary.
New American Standard Bible (©1995)
In the numbering of every male from a month old and upward, there were 8,600, performing the duties of the sanctuary.
In the numbering of every male from a month old and upward, there were 8,600, performing the duties of the sanctuary.
King James Bible (Cambridge Ed.)
In the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, were eight thousand and six hundred, keeping the charge of the sanctuary.
In the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, were eight thousand and six hundred, keeping the charge of the sanctuary.
GOD'S WORD® Translation (©1995)
The number of all the males at least one month old was 8,600. They were in charge of the holy place.
King James 2000 Bible (©2003)
In the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, were eight thousand and six hundred, keeping charge of the sanctuary.
In the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, were eight thousand and six hundred, keeping charge of the sanctuary.
American King James Version
In the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, were eight thousand and six hundred, keeping the charge of the sanctuary.
In the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, were eight thousand and six hundred, keeping the charge of the sanctuary.
American Standard Version
According to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, there were eight thousand and six hundred, keeping the charge of the sanctuary.
According to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, there were eight thousand and six hundred, keeping the charge of the sanctuary.
Douay-Rheims Bible
All of the male sex from one month and upward, eight thousand six hundred: they shall have the guard of the sanctuary,
All of the male sex from one month and upward, eight thousand six hundred: they shall have the guard of the sanctuary,
Darby Bible Translation
According to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, there were eight thousand six hundred, who kept the charge of the sanctuary.
According to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, there were eight thousand six hundred, who kept the charge of the sanctuary.
English Revised Version
According to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, there were eight thousand and six hundred, keeping the charge of the sanctuary.
According to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, there were eight thousand and six hundred, keeping the charge of the sanctuary.
Webster's Bible Translation
In the number of all the males from a month old and upward, were eight thousand and six hundred, keeping the charge of the sanctuary.
In the number of all the males from a month old and upward, were eight thousand and six hundred, keeping the charge of the sanctuary.
World English Bible
According to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, there were eight thousand six hundred, keeping the requirements of the sanctuary.
According to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, there were eight thousand six hundred, keeping the requirements of the sanctuary.
Young's Literal Translation
In number, all the males, from a son of a month and upward, are eight thousand and six hundred, keeping the charge of the sanctuary.
In number, all the males, from a son of a month and upward, are eight thousand and six hundred, keeping the charge of the sanctuary.
جميع التراجم العربية ذكرة الرقم 8600 مثل ترجمة الفانديك والترجمة اليسوعية والاخبار السارة والكاثوليكية وغيرها
بعض الدارسين ذهبو لعدد الثاني والعشرين وقال انه ربما يكون هناك خطأ في رقم 7500 ليصبح 7200 بفارق 300 وهذا نتيجة لتشابه بين رقم خمسمئة ورقم مئتين حرق القوف العبري يرمز لرقم خمسمائة ך caph, 500و حرف الريش العبري بيرمز لرقم مائتين ר resh, 200 فاحدهم اطول من الاخر وهذا ايضاً غير مرجح لعدة اسباب
العدد 22نص مخطوطة لينينجراد يذكر الرقم 7500
במדבר 3:22 Hebrew OT: Westminster Leningrad Codex
פְּקֻדֵיהֶם֙ בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר כָּל־זָכָ֔ר מִבֶּן־חֹ֖דֶשׁ וָמָ֑עְלָה פְּקֻ֣דֵיהֶ֔ם שִׁבְעַ֥ת אֲלָפִ֖ים וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֹֽות׃
الترجمة السبعينية
الفولجاتا
Latin: Biblia Sacra Vulgata
quarum numeratus est populus sexus masculini ab uno mense et supra septem milia quingentorum
quarum numeratus est populus sexus masculini ab uno mense et supra septem milia quingentorum
جميع التراجم العربية ذكرة الرقم 8600 مثل ترجمة الفانديك والترجمة اليسوعية والاخبار السارة والكاثوليكية وغيرها
التراجم الانجليزية
New International Version (©1984)
The number of all the males a month old or more who were counted was 7,500.
The number of all the males a month old or more who were counted was 7,500.
New Living Translation (©2007)
There were 7,500 males one month old or older among these Gershonite clans.
There were 7,500 males one month old or older among these Gershonite clans.
English Standard Version (©2001)
Their listing according to the number of all the males from a month old and upward was7,500.00
Their listing according to the number of all the males from a month old and upward was7,500.00
New American Standard Bible (©1995)
Their numbered men, in the numbering of every male from a month old and upward, even their numbered men were 7,500.
Their numbered men, in the numbering of every male from a month old and upward, even their numbered men were 7,500.
King James Bible (Cambridge Ed.)
Those that were numbered of them, according to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, even those that were numbered of them were seven thousand and five hundred.
Those that were numbered of them, according to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, even those that were numbered of them were seven thousand and five hundred.
GOD'S WORD® Translation (©1995)
The total number of all the males at least one month old was 7,500.
The total number of all the males at least one month old was 7,500.
King James 2000 Bible (©2003)
Those that were numbered of them, according to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, even those that were numbered of them were seven thousand and five hundred.
Those that were numbered of them, according to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, even those that were numbered of them were seven thousand and five hundred.
American King James Version
Those that were numbered of them, according to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, even those that were numbered of them were seven thousand and five hundred.
Those that were numbered of them, according to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, even those that were numbered of them were seven thousand and five hundred.
American Standard Version
Those that were numbered of them, according to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, even those that were numbered of them were seven thousand and five hundred.
Those that were numbered of them, according to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, even those that were numbered of them were seven thousand and five hundred.
Douay-Rheims Bible
Of which were numbered, people of the male sex from one month and upward, seven thousand five hundred.
Of which were numbered, people of the male sex from one month and upward, seven thousand five hundred.
Darby Bible Translation
Those that were numbered of them, according to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, those that were numbered of them were seven thousand five hundred.
Those that were numbered of them, according to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, those that were numbered of them were seven thousand five hundred.
English Revised Version
Those that were numbered of them, according to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, even those that were numbered of them were seven thousand and five hundred.
Those that were numbered of them, according to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, even those that were numbered of them were seven thousand and five hundred.
Webster's Bible Translation
Those that were numbered of them, according to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, even those that were numbered of them, were seven thousand and five hundred.
Those that were numbered of them, according to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, even those that were numbered of them, were seven thousand and five hundred.
World English Bible
Those who were numbered of them, according to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, even those who were numbered of them were seven thousand five hundred.
Those who were numbered of them, according to the number of all the males, from a month old and upward, even those who were numbered of them were seven thousand five hundred.
Young's Literal Translation
Their numbered ones, in number, every male from a son of a month and upward, their numbered ones are seven thousand and five hundred.
Their numbered ones, in number, every male from a son of a month and upward, their numbered ones are seven thousand and five hundred.
جميع التراجم الانجليزية بلا استثناء ذكرة الرقم 7500
الراي الخامس
- ال 300 هم أبكار اللاويين أنفسهم الذين فداهم أباؤهم مع أبكار الأسباط الأخرى
بناء على أمر الرب لعبده موسى في (خر 1:13-2) بتقديس كل أبكار بنى إسرائيل
وقد كان ذلك قبل أن يأمر بأخذ اللاويين عوضًا عن الأبكار.
ولذلك فما داموا قد عمهم الفداء من قبل فإنهم استثنوا من الشريعة التى أعطيت هنا
لأن أباءهم قد قدموا الفداء عنهم فلم يعودوا بديلين عن أبكارالشعب.
انا ارجح الراي الاول والثاني لعدة اسباب هي:-
1-توافقهم مع المفهوم الكتابي والمفهوم اليهودي
2-ان الارقام 8600 و 7500 اصيلة من حيث المخطوطات الاقدم والترجمة السبعينية وغيرة وان الدارسين الذين ادلو بارائهم حول امكانية وجود خطئ نسخي لم يجذمو به بل كان فرض من عدة امور تم ذكرها
اغريغوريوس
aghroghorios
بعض المراجع الذي تم الرجوع اليها:-
الكتاب المقدس
تراجم الكتاب المقدس
مخطوطات العهد القديم
تفاسير الكتاب المقدس
Wesley, J. (1999). Wesley's Notes: Numbers(1)
(2)Cabal, T., Brand, C. O., Clendenen, E. R., Copan, P., Moreland, J., & Powell, D. (2007). The Apologetics Study Bible: Real Questions, Straight Answers, Stronger Faith (203). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers
.
.
Believer's Study Bible. 1997, c1995.
C1991 Criswell Center for Biblical Studies. (electronic ed.) (Nu 3:28). Nashville: Thomas Nelson
.
C1991 Criswell Center for Biblical Studies. (electronic ed.) (Nu 3:28). Nashville: Thomas Nelson
.
[FONT="][1]Cabal, T., Brand, C. O., Clendenen, E. R., Copan, P., Moreland, J., & Powell, D. (2007). The Apologetics Study Bible: Real Questions, Straight Answers, Stronger Faith (202). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers
.[/FONT]
.[/FONT]
E.g., Gray, p. 28; Noordtzij, p. 38; Noth, p. 27; Snaith, p. 125; Sturdy, p. 31; Wenham, p. 71; Budd, p. 28; Riggans, p. 32.
RSV Revised Standard Version
NIV New International Version
[FONT="][1]Ashley, T. R. (1993). The Book of Numbers. The New International Commentary on the Old Testament (84). Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.[/FONT]
[FONT="][1]Gray, G. B. (1903). A critical and exegetical commentary on Numbers (29). New York: C. Scribner's sons.[/FONT]
[FONT="][1]Barker, K. L. (1994). Expositorś Bible Commentary (Abridged Edition: Old Testament) (182). Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Publishing House.[/FONT]
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