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الرسالة: [QUOTE="Molka Molkan, post: 2886100, member: 79186"] [COLOR="Black"][FONT="Times New Roman"][SIZE="5"][B][COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5][FONT=Tahoma][SIZE=4][RIGHT][LEFT][SIZE=4][FONT=Tahoma][SIZE=4][RIGHT][LEFT][RIGHT][CENTER][RIGHT][COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]والآن علينا أن نحدد من هو قيدار و من هىقبائل قيدار المقصودة في النص الكتابي لانها هى التي سيفني مجدها فيجب ان نعرف اين تقع هذه القبيلة التي سيفني مجدها ...[/SIZE][/FONT][/COLOR] [/RIGHT] [/CENTER] [/RIGHT] [COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] [/SIZE][/FONT][/COLOR][RIGHT][COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]قيدار هو الإبن الثاني في الترتيب من أبناء اسماعيل ابن ابراهيم ( راجع ، تكوين 25 : 13 ) ، وبهذا الإسم تسموا كقبيلة من قبائل العرب في ذلك الوقت ( وقت اشعياء ) ، اي ابناء قيدار ، تقول عنهم الموسوعات العالمية : [/SIZE][/FONT][/COLOR][LEFT] [LEFT][COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5][COLOR=Blue]Kedar[/COLOR] — dark-skinned, the [COLOR=Blue]second son of Ishmael[/COLOR] (Gen. 25:13). [/SIZE][/FONT][/COLOR][/LEFT] [LEFT][COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] It is the **** for the [COLOR=Blue]nomadic tribes of Arabs[/COLOR], the Bedouins generally (Isa. 21:16; 42:11; 60:7; Jer. 2:10; Ezek. 27:21), [COLOR=Blue]who dwelt in the [COLOR=Red]north-west[/COLOR] of Arabia.[/COLOR] They lived in black hair-tents (Cant. 1:5). To “dwell in the tents of Kedar” was to be cut off from the worship of the true God (Ps. 120:5). The Kedarites suffered at the hands of Nebuchadnezzar (Jer. 49:28, 29). [/SIZE][/FONT][/COLOR][/LEFT] [COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] [COLOR=Green][SIZE=4]Easton, M. (1996, c1897). Easton's Bible dictionary.[/SIZE] [SIZE=5][COLOR=Black] [/COLOR][/SIZE][/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5][COLOR=Blue]The second son of Ishmael[/COLOR] (Gen. 25:13 = 1 Chr. 1:29). Elsewhere in the [URL="http://www.arabchurch.com/forums/#_ftn1"]OT[/URL] this term refers to his descendants (the Kedarites), [COLOR=Blue]either specifically to the most prominent of the [COLOR=Red]north[/COLOR] Arabian “sons of Ishmael” or generally and collectively to Arabic nomads or Bedouin.[/COLOR] In Ps. 120:5 the “tents of Kedar” are equated with peace-hating Meshech, which is probably not a region of Asia Minor (as in Gen. 10:2) but a Kedarite subgroup. Cant. 1:5 pictures them as dark skinned (cf. [FONT=Charis SIL]qāḏar, [/FONT]“to be black”), and some repoint [URL="http://www.arabchurch.com/forums/#_ftn2"]MT[/URL] “Solomon” here to “Shalmah,” a tribe that lived south of the Nabateans in the 3rd century b.c. Isaiah describes them as (1) warriors and archers whose glory will end (Isa. 21:16–17; some see a reference to Nabonidus’ 552 campaign; but not Jer. 49:28–29, concerned with Nebuchadnezzar’s attack on Arabs [“Kedar and the kingdoms of Hazor”] S of Damascus in 599/98); (2) inhabitants of desert villages (Isa. 42:11; probably temporary, fortified enclosures); and (3) poetically paired with sheep-breeders of Nebaioth (60:7; perhaps a reference to the Nabateans of north Arabia; cf. Gen. 25:13; also Ezek. 27:21, where the “princes of Kedar” are paired with the Arabians as sheep/goat-traders with the Phoenicians). Assyrian in******ions as well **** them along with the Arabs and Nebaioth. Finally, the poetry of Jer. 2:10 uses a merism to antithetically parallel Kedar with the Kittim (“Cypriots/Greeks”) as representatives, respectively, of the East and West. [/SIZE][/FONT][/COLOR] [SIZE=4][COLOR=Green][FONT=Times New Roman][URL="http://www.arabchurch.com/forums/#_ftnref1"]OT [/URL]Old Testament[/FONT][/COLOR][/SIZE][SIZE=4] [/SIZE] [SIZE=4][COLOR=Green][FONT=Times New Roman][URL="http://www.arabchurch.com/forums/#_ftnref2"]MT [/URL]Masoretic ****[/FONT][/COLOR][/SIZE][SIZE=4] [/SIZE] [COLOR=Green][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=4]Freedman, D. N., Myers, A. C., & Beck, A. B. (2000). Eerdmans dictionary of the Bible[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5][SIZE=4] (761).[/SIZE] [/SIZE][/FONT] [/COLOR] [COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5][COLOR=Green] [/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/COLOR][RIGHT] [LEFT][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5][COLOR=Black][FONT=Arial]Kedar[/FONT] ([FONT=Charis SIL]keeʹduhr[/FONT]; [URL="http://www.arabchurch.com/forums/#_ftn1"]Heb.[/URL], ‘dark’), [COLOR=Blue]a confederation of Arab tribes based in the [COLOR=Red]north[/COLOR] Arabian desert. [/COLOR]In Gen. 25:13 and 1 Chron. 1:29 Kedar is one of the twelve sons of Ishmael. The Kedarites were a major force from the late eighth century b.c. until the rise of the Nabateans in the fourth century b.c. and are frequently mentioned in Assyrian and Neo-Babylonian sources. They raided lands on their eastern and western borders and controlled the eastern trade route from Arabia to the Fertile Crescent. The later extent of their influence is illustrated by a silver bowl dated to the fifth century b.c. from modern Tell el-Maskhuta in the eastern Nile delta dedicated to the goddess Han-Ilat by ‘Qaynu the son of Gashmu the king of Kedar’; this Gashmu is the same as ‘Geshem the Arab’ of Neh. 2:19 and 6:1. [/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/LEFT] [LEFT][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5][COLOR=Black]In the Bible the military might of the Kedarites is indicated by reference to their archers and warriors (Isa. 21:16-17). Thus, although they dwelt in the eastern desert in dark tents (Isa. 42:11; Jer. 2:10; 49:28; Ps. 120:5; Song of Sol. 1:5) and were herders (Isa. 60:7; Jer. 49:29), their ‘princes’ traded with Tyre, which lay on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea far to the north and east (Ezek. 27:21). Their being singled out in Isaiah and Jeremiah as objects of oracles shows their importance and corresponds to what we know of them from nonbiblical sources. [/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/LEFT] [LEFT] [SIZE=4][COLOR=Green][FONT=Times New Roman][URL="http://www.arabchurch.com/forums/#_ftnref1"]Heb. [/URL]Hebrew Achtemeier, P. J., Harper & Row, P., & Society of Biblical Literature. (1985). [I]Harper's Bible dictionary[/I]. Includes index. (1st ed.) (523). San Francisco: Harper & Row.[/FONT][/COLOR][/SIZE] [/LEFT] [/RIGHT] [COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] [/SIZE][/FONT][/COLOR] [FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5][COLOR=Black] KEDAR ([FONT=Charis SIL]Kēʹ dȧr[/FONT]) Personal **** meaning “mighty” or “swarthy” or “black.” The second son of Ishmael and a grandson of Abraham (Gen. 25:13; 1 Chron. 1:29). The **** occurs later in the Bible presumably as a reference to a tribe that took its **** from Kedar. Little concrete information is known about the group, however. [COLOR=Blue]Apparently the descendants of Kedar occupied the area [COLOR=Red]south of Palestine and east of Egypt[/COLOR] ([/COLOR][COLOR=Blue]Gen. 25:18[/COLOR][COLOR=Blue]).[/COLOR] They may best be described as nomadic, living in tents (Ps. 120:5; Song 1:5) and raising sheep and goats (Isa. 60:7; Jer. 49:28–29, 32), as well as camels, which they sold as far away as Tyre (Ezek. 27:21). [SIZE=4]Brand, C., Draper, C., England, A., Bond, S., Clendenen, E. R., Butler, T. C., & Latta, B. (2003). Holman Illustrated Bible Dictionary[/SIZE] (977). Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.[/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT] [/LEFT] [/RIGHT] [/LEFT] [/RIGHT] [SIZE=5][COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman] [/FONT][/COLOR][/SIZE] [LEFT][SIZE=5][COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman]KEDAR [KEE dur] — the **** of a man and a tribe in the Old Testament:[/FONT][/COLOR][/SIZE][/LEFT] [LEFT][SIZE=5][COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman]1. The second son of Ishmael (Gen. 25:13).[/FONT][/COLOR][/SIZE][/LEFT] [LEFT][SIZE=5][COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman]2. The tribe that sprang from Kedar, as well as [COLOR=Blue]the territory inhabited by this tribe in the [COLOR=Red]northern[/COLOR] Arabian desert[/COLOR] (Is. 21:16–17). [/FONT][/COLOR][/SIZE][/LEFT] [SIZE=5][COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=4]Youngblood, R. F., Bruce, F. F., Harrison, R. K., & Thomas Nelson Publishers. (1995). Nelson's new illustrated Bible dictionary. Rev. ed. of: Nelson's illustrated Bible dictionary.; Includes index. Nashville: T. Nelson.[/SIZE][/FONT][/COLOR][/SIZE] [SIZE=5][COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman] [/FONT][/COLOR][/SIZE] [LEFT][SIZE=5][COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman]KEDAR ([FONT=Charis SIL]kēʾdêr[/FONT], Heb. [FONT=Charis SIL]kēdhār[/FONT], probably either mighty or dark). 1. One of the twelve sons of Ishmael, son of Abraham by Hagar (Gen 25:13). These sons were called “tribal rulers.” They helped originate the Arab peoples.[/FONT][/COLOR][/SIZE][/LEFT] [LEFT][SIZE=5][COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman]2. The tribe that descended from Kedar and their territory. They were nomads for the most part (Ps 120:5; Song of Songs 1:5), raising sheep (Isa 60:7) but sometimes intruding into villages (42:11). The “doom of Kedar,” declared in Jeremiah 49:28–33, tells us something of their desert civilization and also of their terror when they learned that Nebuchadnezzar was coming against them. [COLOR=Blue]Their territory was in the [COLOR=Red]northern[/COLOR] part of the Arabian Desert[/COLOR]. [/FONT][/COLOR][/SIZE][/LEFT] [SIZE=5][COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=4]Douglas, J., & Tenney, M. C. (1987). New International Bible Dictionary. Originally published as: The Zondervan pictorial Bible dictionary. 1963. (562). Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan.[/SIZE][/FONT][/COLOR][/SIZE] [SIZE=5][COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman] [/FONT][/COLOR][/SIZE] [LEFT][SIZE=5][COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman]Ke´dar (dark-skinned), the second in order of the sons of Ishmael, Gen. 25:13; 1 Chron. 1:29, and [COLOR=Blue]the **** of a great tribe of Arabs settled on the [COLOR=Red]northwest[/COLOR] of the peninsula and on the confines of Palestine.[/COLOR] The “glory of Kedar” is recorded by the prophet Isaiah, Isa. 21:13-17, in the burden upon Arabia; and its importance may also be inferred from the “princes of Kedar” mentioned by Ezekiel, Ezek. 27:21, as well as the pastoral character of the tribe. They appear also to have been, like the wandering tribes of the present day, “archers” and “mighty men.” Isa. 21:17; comp. Ps. 120:5. That they also settled in villages or towns we find from Isaiah. Isa. 42:11. The tribe seems to have been one of the most conspicuous of all the Ishmaelite tribes, and hence the rabbins call the Arabians universally by this ****. [/FONT][/COLOR][/SIZE][/LEFT] [SIZE=5][COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=4]Smith, W. (1997). Smith's Bible dictionary. Nashville: Thomas Nelson.[/SIZE][/FONT][/COLOR][/SIZE] [SIZE=5][COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman] [/FONT][/COLOR][/SIZE][RIGHT][COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]و إليكم بعض الخرائط للتسهيل :[/SIZE][/FONT][/COLOR] [CENTER][RIGHT][COLOR=Black][FONT=Arial Black][SIZE=5]اول خريطة توضح مكانها بالنسبة لتيماء فى شمالها[/SIZE][/FONT][/COLOR] [/RIGHT] [COLOR=Black][FONT=Arial Black][SIZE=5] [IMG]http://img213.imageshack.us/img213/9193/08022011085329.png[/IMG] [/SIZE][/FONT][/COLOR][RIGHT][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5][COLOR=Navy]وايضا[/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5][COLOR=Navy] :[/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT] [/RIGHT] [COLOR=Black][FONT=Arial Black][SIZE=5][COLOR=Navy] [IMG]http://img197.imageshack.us/img197/5190/08022011085921.png[/IMG] [/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/COLOR][RIGHT][COLOR=Black][FONT=Arial Black][SIZE=5]وايضا خريطة اخرى توضح العلاقة بين تيماء وقيدار فى شمالها[/SIZE][/FONT][/COLOR] [/RIGHT] [COLOR=Black][FONT=Arial Black][SIZE=5] [IMG]http://img52.imageshack.us/img52/4863/08022011090200.png[/IMG][/SIZE][/FONT][/COLOR][/CENTER] [/RIGHT] [RIGHT][COLOR=Black][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]وكما ترون و أكدنا كثيراً ، النبوة تاريخية بحتة ولا علاقة لها بالجنوب الحالي ولا العربية الحالية وانما في الشمال تماماً كما هو موضح.[/SIZE][/FONT][/COLOR][/RIGHT] [/SIZE][/FONT][/SIZE][/LEFT] [/RIGHT] [/SIZE][/FONT][/SIZE][/FONT][/COLOR][/B][/SIZE][/FONT][/COLOR] [/QUOTE]

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