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الرسالة: [QUOTE="Molka Molkan, post: 2866571, member: 79186"] [b]رد: الرد على شبهة : كيف يتم رشم المرأة في النصرانية ؟ ، كيف يتم رشم المرأة والرجل و الصغير والكبير في المسيحيية ? الإفتراء على المسيحيية[/b] [FONT="Tahoma"][SIZE="4"][FONT=Tahoma][SIZE=4][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]في كل ما سبق كُنّا نرد على ما ادعاه المشكك بطريقة بسيطة ، فرددنا على كذبه وكشفناه وعلى الإيحاء الذي حاول ان يقدمه للقاريء البسيط وكشفناه هو أيضاً ، وفي الرد الأول تماماً قد أوردنا ادلة بسيطة وقليلة لأن الأمر لا يحتاج إلى أدلة كثيرة لأنه وكما قلنا امر عملي يحدث كل فترة صغيرة ( يمكن ان يكون كل يوم ) ومن اراد ان يرى فليدخل كنيسة ويرى بعينيه أو يسأل الكاهن عن الطريقة ويسمع منه ، فلهذا لم نُكثِر من الأدلة ، ولكننا في هذا الرد سوف نضع عدد أكبر من الأدلة لكي يقرأ من يريد أن يقرأ.. ولنرى كيف يقول المشكك لي : [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Tahoma][SIZE=4][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] وايضاً :[/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Tahoma][SIZE=4][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] ولنرى من هو الجاهل الذي لا يعرف أي شيء .. فلنختبر قدرة المشكك على العدْ... [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]الدليل الـ1 : [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5][COLOR=Black]ويوجد أيضاً رتبة [COLOR=Red]شماسات[/COLOR].. وهي [COLOR=Red]للفتيات[/COLOR].. و الشماسة رتبة غير كهنوتية، ولكنها خدمية.. كما هو الحال في [COLOR=Red]معمودية النساء الكبيرات[/COLOR] وغير ذلك..[/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT] [/B][LEFT][SIZE=4][COLOR=Black][URL="http://st-takla.org/Coptic-Faith-Creed-Dogma/Coptic-Rite-n-Ritual-Taks-Al-Kanisa/Dictionary-of-Coptic-Ritual-Terms/3-Coptic-Terminology_Hah-Khah-Dal-Thal/Diakon__Diacon.html"]http://st-takla.org/Coptic-Faith-Cre...n__Diacon.html[/URL][/COLOR][/SIZE][/LEFT] [FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] الدليل الـ2 : [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][CENTER][RIGHT][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Book Antiqua][SIZE=5][COLOR=Navy]يقول الأنبا إغريغوريوس أسقف البحث العلمي المتنيح في موسعته اللاهوتية - موسوعة أسرار الكنيسة السبعة - موسوعة اللاهوت العقيدي ، جـ 3 ، - سر الميرون - تحت عنوان " دهن المعمدين بالميرون في 36 موضعاً ، صـ 244،243..[/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [/RIGHT] [COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Book Antiqua][SIZE=5][COLOR=Navy] [/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR][CENTER][URL="http://www.arabchurch.com/forums/../upload"][IMG]http://files.arabchurch.com/upload/images2010/108567466.jpg[/IMG][/URL] [URL="http://www.arabchurch.com/forums/../upload"][IMG]http://files.arabchurch.com/upload/images2010/937484142.jpg[/IMG][/URL] [/CENTER] [COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Book Antiqua][SIZE=5][COLOR=Navy] [/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR][/CENTER] [RIGHT][FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] الدليل الـ3 :[/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT] [/RIGHT] [COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Book Antiqua][SIZE=5][COLOR=Navy] [/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR][RIGHT][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Book Antiqua][SIZE=5][COLOR=Navy] قد ورد في كتاب الدسقولية ، الفصل الرابع والثلاثون ، صـ 171 :[/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [/RIGHT] [COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Book Antiqua][SIZE=5][COLOR=Navy] [/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR][CENTER][URL="http://www.arabchurch.com/forums/../upload"][IMG]http://files.arabchurch.com/upload/images2010/550949159.jpg[/IMG][/URL] [URL="http://www.arabchurch.com/forums/../upload"][IMG]http://files.arabchurch.com/upload/images2010/962910156.jpg[/IMG][/URL] [/CENTER] [FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] الدليل الـ4 : [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Book Antiqua][SIZE=5][FONT=Times New Roman] [/FONT] [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] وصلنا (لقداسة البابا) سؤال طويل من سيدة كبيرة السن، ملخصه خجلها من عمادها وهي كبيرة.. ونتيجة لذلك تطلب آية أو دليلاً من الكتاب يثبت أن العماد يكون بالتغطيس أيضاً قامت بعض المواقع و المنتديات الغير مسيحية بتناول مقالاً وضعناه في موقع الأنبا تكلاهيمانوت حول طقس سر المعمودية، وأماكن رشومات زيت الميرون في الجسم، ووضعوا عناوين مثل "كيف يتم رشم المرأة النصرانية" وغيره.. وهذا توضيح لهم من العقيدة المسيحية حول معمودية الكبار.. [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [RIGHT][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]الإجابة: أحب أن أطمئنك أننا حينما نعمد امرأة كبيرة، [COLOR=Red]لا تنزل إلى [/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5][COLOR=Red] جرن المعمودية عارية تماماً[/COLOR] كالأطفال. [COLOR=Red]فالمسيحية لا تخدش حياء إنسان قط[/COLOR]، فما بالك بامرأة تمارس أقدس طقس كنسي في حياتها. إنما تجحد الشيطان، ثم تتلو الإيمان إقرار الإيمان، [COLOR=Red]وهي لابسة كل ملابسها[/COLOR].. ثم نتركها في حجرة المعمودية [COLOR=Red]ونخرج[/COLOR]. وحينئذ تخلع ملابسها، [COLOR=Red]وتلبس تونية أو رداء أبيض[/COLOR]، وتجلس على كرسي إلى جوار المعمودية. ثم يدخل الكاهن، فتصعد من على الكرسي، وتهبط في جرن المعمودية [COLOR=Red]ويعمدها الكاهن بأن يغطسها في الماء ثلاث مرات باسم الثالوث[/COLOR]. وتخرج من جرن المعمودية [COLOR=Red]بمساعدة الكاهن أو احدي الشماسات[/COLOR]. [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR][/RIGHT] [CENTER][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] [IMG]http://st-takla.org/Pix/People-Christian/www-St-Takla-org--Baptism-of-a-Woman-Coptic-01.jpg[/IMG][/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [/CENTER] [LEFT][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [/LEFT] [CENTER][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]صورة في موقع الأنبا تكلا: معمودية شابة أيرلندية على يد القمص أثناسيوس فهمي جورج، ويُرى في الصورة كيف ترتدي تونية بيضاء كما أوضحنا في هذا المقال [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR][/CENTER] [RIGHT][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] [COLOR=Red]ويخرج الكاهن[/COLOR] من حجرة المعمودية إلى أن تخلع التونية أو الرداء الذي نزلت به في المعمودية،[COLOR=Red] وتجفف نفسها[/COLOR]، [COLOR=Red]وتلبس ملابسها[/COLOR] [COLOR=Red]الجديدة[/COLOR]. [COLOR=Red]وبعد أن تلبس ملابسها يدخل الكاهن، ليدهناها بالميرون[/COLOR] في الأجزاء الظاهرة من ملابسها مثل رأسها ووجهها ويديها.. ويمنحها الروح القدس. وإن كان أحد الآباء الأساقفة حاضراً، يضع يده [COLOR=Red]على رأسها[/COLOR]، وينفخ [COLOR=Red]في وجهها[/COLOR]، ويقول لها "اقبلي الروح القدس". [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [COLOR=Red][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] وكما ترين لا يوجد ما يدعو للخجل في كل هذا. [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] حتى [COLOR=Red]الشباب[/COLOR] أو [COLOR=Red]الرجال الكبار[/COLOR] في حال معموديتهم في تلك السن[COLOR=Red] لا ينزلون لجرن المعمودية عرايا[/COLOR].[/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [/RIGHT] [COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Book Antiqua][SIZE=5] [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR][LEFT][SIZE=4][URL="http://st-takla.org/FAQ-Questions-VS-Answers/03-Questions-Related-to-Theology-and-Dogma__Al-Lahoot-Wal-3akeeda/082-Baptizing-Women.html"]http://st-takla.org/FAQ-Questions-VS...ing-Women.html[/URL][/SIZE][/LEFT] [FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] الدليل الـ5 : [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]كتاب الشمامسة والشماسات، الأنبا متاؤس[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] ، صـ 50 و 51 : [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR][CENTER] [IMG]http://img217.imageshack.us/img217/2070/31272652.jpg[/IMG] [IMG]http://img832.imageshack.us/img832/146/41285842.jpg[/IMG] [/CENTER] [FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] الدليل الـ6 : [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][LEFT][FONT=Tahoma][SIZE=4] [LEFT][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]Just prior to entering the water the candidates removed their clothes, for the baptism was received nude. This surprises moderns, for we wonder about modesty. This may be a consideration in the instructions of the Apostolic Tradition (21.4-5) to baptize the [COLOR=Red]small[/COLOR] children first, the grown men next, and finally the women. [COLOR=Blue]In order to observe decency women deacons assisted at the baptism of women according to the third-century Didascalia (16), repeated in the 4th century Apostolic Constitutions (3.15-16). In the baptism of a woman, the male presbyter anointed the forehead, pronounced the formula, and dipped the head, but the female deacon anointed the body and received the woman as she came out of the water.[/COLOR] Some baptisteries may have had curtains. Another factor is that the ancient world seems to have had a more relaxed attitude toward nudity. The nudity expressed the idea of new birth- hence in art the baptizand is shown not only nude but smaller than the baptizer. This manner of representation is not an indication [COLOR=Red]of infant or child [/COLOR]baptism but follows artistic convention. The newly baptized person put on a white garment, symbolizing purity. [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR][URL="http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/research/theology/ejournal/aet_1/Ferguson.htm"]http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/research/...1/Ferguson.htm[/URL] [/LEFT] [/SIZE][/FONT][/LEFT] [FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] الدليل الـ7 : [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][LEFT][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5][COLOR=Red]Deaconesses[/COLOR] were an order in the primitive Christian Church. Information is sparse as to their activities at the time, though it is clear they were mostly involved with ministering to other [COLOR=Red]women and girls[/COLOR]. [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5][COLOR=Blue]It being [U]improper[/U] for males to be physically handling women, deaconesses were commissioned to assist [U]especially in baptism and chrismation[/U][/COLOR]. [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]It is an anachronism to say deaconesses did not perform the same liturgical role as deacons in the [COLOR=Red]early church[/COLOR]. That is imputing back in time to deacons a role which they were given considerably later in Church history. [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]In the [COLOR=Red]early Church[/COLOR] it is highly likely that deaconesses performed the same liturgical role as deacons, and quite likely more, [COLOR=Blue]because of the taboo on (male) priests touching female neophytes, or touching females requiring the sacrament of holy oil for the sick[/COLOR]. [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5][COLOR=Blue]It is likely that the actual application of the [/COLOR][COLOR=Blue]holy oil onto the body of the women being chrismated was done [U][COLOR=Red]by the deaconess[/COLOR][/U][/COLOR], [COLOR=Blue]and [U][COLOR=Red]not[/COLOR][/U] the priest[/COLOR]. The priest did the [U][COLOR=Red]praying[/COLOR][/U] and [COLOR=Red][U]supervised[/U][/COLOR], [U][COLOR=Blue]but did not touch[/COLOR][/U]. Deacons would not have performed this role. As there was no taboo on the priest physically applying the oil to male candidates, there was no need for deacons to be involved in this.[/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [SIZE=4][URL]http://orthodoxwiki.org/Deaconess[/URL][/SIZE] [/LEFT] [FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] الدليل الـ8 : [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][LEFT][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]The deaconess had specific duties. Among them was to [COLOR=Blue]instruct privately female candidates for baptism, to assist at their baptism which was by total immersion, they did the anointing with oil at the baptism as it was not considered proper for the male clergy to touch a woman[/COLOR], they visited and cared for the sick, they were present at [COLOR=Blue]interviews of women with the bishops or priests[/COLOR], they dismissed women catechumens from the church and [COLOR=Blue]kept general order in the women's section of the church[/COLOR] (men and women were segregated as they were up to about 25 years ago in our churches in America), and they did other duties delegated by the bishop like helping the poor. They were in a sense the educators of women in the faith and social workers. Deaconesses were ordained in the Eastern Church as late as the 12th century. The office was disused in the Western Church somewhat earlier.[/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [SIZE=4][URL]http://www.angelfire.com/pa/deaconess/article.html[/URL][/SIZE] [/LEFT] [FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] الدليل الـ9 : [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][LEFT][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]From these early doc uments and others, including the [I]Testament of Our Lord[/I] (fourth or fifth century), we learn of the functions performed by the deaconesses of the early Church: [COLOR=Blue]1. The assisting at the administration of the baptism of women. “It is required that those who go down into the water (of baptism) shall be anointed with the oil of anointing by a deaconess.”[/COLOR] [COLOR=Blue] 2. Instructing newly baptized women. “When she that is baptized cometh up from the water, the deaconess shall receive her, and shall teach her and instruct her how the seal of baptism may be unbroken in chastity and holiness.”[/COLOR] 3. The taking of messages of the bishop [COLOR=Blue]to women[/COLOR], where he could not send the deacon. 4. Ministering to the sick and poor. 5. Ministering to the martyrs in prison. 6. Presiding over the women’s entrance into the church; examining the commendatory letters of strangers and assigning them places. 7. Oversight of the widows and orphans. 8. The taking of the Eucharist to women who were sick.9 It is a justifiable conclusion that the diaconate these services were intended to confer was as real a diaconate as that conferred upon men. “That the deaconess never did all the work of a deacon does not show that her diaconate was not as real. [COLOR=Blue]There were obvious restrictions on account of her sex.[/COLOR] In the period under consideration, nothing else would have been conceivable. [COLOR=Blue]But it was restriction of function due to sex and circumstance[/COLOR], not a defect or absence of order. A parallel restriction is equally obvious in the case of a deacon, [COLOR=Black]who would not [/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5][COLOR=Blue][I]normally[/I] anoint a woman at Baptism[/COLOR] – [COLOR=Blue]that is, if a deaconess could be had[/COLOR].”20[/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [SIZE=4][URL="http://www.philosophy-religion.org/diaconate/chapter_7.htm"]http://www.philosophy-religion.org/d.../chapter_7.htm[/URL][/SIZE] [/LEFT] [FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] الدليل الـ10 : [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][LEFT][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]In the early Christian period, the various ordained and consecrated orders and informal roles that women played in church life reflected a variety of needs and concerns, including: (1) performance of pastoral and liturgical activities serving the needs of women in the community, particularly those needs created by the restrictions of Eastern Mediterranean societies that segregated and secluded women;(n12) (2) recognition of women's historical contributions to the ministry of Christ and to the apostolic Church;(n13) and (3) formal ecclesiastical acknowledgement of the contributions of contemporary women, especially those with money and influence.(n14) [COLOR=Blue]Many of these needs and concerns, such as the baptizing of adult women converts and the conveying of the Eucharist to the homes of housebound women[/COLOR], were met through the order of the female diaconate. With the apparent demise of that order, these continuing needs and concerns had to be met in other ways.[/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [SIZE=4][COLOR=Blue][URL="http://www.antiochian.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=484&Itemid=21"]http://www.antiochian.net/index.php?...=484&Itemid=21[/URL][/COLOR][/SIZE] [/LEFT] [FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] الدليل الـ11 :[/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [LEFT] [LEFT][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]Deaconess.[/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR][/LEFT] [LEFT][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]Where did women fit into the ministry of the early church? Paul’s inclusion of references to women in ministry is striking when compared with the role of women in general in the first century. He commended Phoebe for her service in the church at Cenchreae, using the word “deacon” to describe her (Rom 16:1). He praised her as a “helper” (Rom 16:2), a word that denotes leadership qualities ([URL="http://www.arabchurch.com/forums/#_ftn1"]cf.[/URL] Rom 12:8; 1 Tm 3:4, 5). Some scholars have used that reference as an example of early development of the office of deaconess. Others have interpreted it in a nontechnical sense, meaning that Phoebe functioned in a generally serving role and thus was worthy of recognition at Rome. Whether “deacon” was used technically or [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]descri ptively [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5], ministry for both women and men in the [URL="http://www.arabchurch.com/forums/#_ftn2"]NT[/URL] was patterned after the example of Jesus, who “came not to be served but to serve” (Mk 10:45). Because of the large number of female converts (Acts 5:14; 17:4), [COLOR=Blue]women functioned in such areas of ministry as visitation, instruction in discipleship, [COLOR=Red][U]and assistance in baptism[/U][/COLOR]. Deaconesses are mentioned in third-century [/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/B][COLOR=Blue][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]doc uments [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR][/COLOR][COLOR=Blue][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] as [U][COLOR=Red]administering baptism to female converts[/COLOR][/U].[/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR][/LEFT] [LEFT][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5][COLOR=Blue]Considering the rigid [U][COLOR=Red]separation of the sexes[/COLOR][/U] in the Near East at that time, female participation in church ministry stands out in bold relief.[/COLOR] A governor of Bithynia, Pliny the Younger (d. 113?), in his Correspondence with Trajan verified women officeholders in the church. Pliny also mentioned two deaconesses who were martyred for the cause of Christ. [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR][/LEFT] [COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5][URL="http://www.arabchurch.com/forums/#_ftnref1"]cf. [/URL]compare[/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5][URL="http://www.arabchurch.com/forums/#_ftnref2"]NT [/URL]New Testament[/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]Elwell, W. A., & Beitzel, B. J. (1988). Baker encyclopedia of the Bible. Map on lining papers. (591). Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House.[/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [/LEFT] [FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] الدليل الـ12 :[/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT] [LEFT] [COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]DEACONESS — a female believer serving in the office of Deacon in a church. The only New Testament reference to deaconess as a church office is Paul’s descr iption of Phoebe as a deaconess of the church in Cenchrea (Rom. 16:1, NRSV). The Greek word translated as deaconess in this passage is rendered as deacon and servant by other versions of the Bible. The office of deaconess was similar to the office of deacon. Their spiritual responsibility was essentially the same, except that deaconesses probably rendered a ministry exclusively to women, particularly in the early years of the church. The office of deaconess became a regular feature of church organization as early as the first part of the second century. In a.d. 112, Pliny the Younger, governor of Bithynia, wrote a letter to the emperor Trajan of Rome, indicating that in his investigation of Christians he had tortured two Christian maidens who were called deaconesses. The office of deaconess in the Eastern Church continued down to the 12th century. The widows of clergymen, who were not permitted to remarry, often served as deaconesses. Some scholars believe that Paul’s standards for Widows in 1 Timothy 5:9–12 were applied to these deaconesses. No qualifications for the office of deaconess are specifically given in the New Testament. But tradition indicates that piety, discretion, and experience were required of deaconesses. While controversy has centered around the ordination of women through the centuries, deaconesses apparently were installed in their office by the Laying on of Hands, just like deacons. However, there is no account of a deaconess ordination in the Bible. Church groups with both deacons and deaconesses customarily ordain women in the same manner as men. In the United States the office of deaconess is most prominent today among Lutherans, Episcopalians, United Methodists, Presbyterians, Baptists, and in certain Reform bodies. In the early centuries, deaconesses were especially called on[U][COLOR=Red] to serve women[/COLOR][/U] in situations where custom forbade the ministry of the deacon. Deaconesses instructed female candidates for church membership, ministered to women who were sick and in prison, [U][COLOR=Red]and assisted at their baptism, especially in the act of anointing[/COLOR][/U]. Through the years deaconesses have been assigned various types of educational, charitable, and social service work in their churches and communities. Deaconesses have traditionally served as doorkeepers in some churches. They may be seen frequently today as ushers and lay readers. Youngblood, R. F., Bruce, F. F., Harrison, R. K., & Thomas Nelson Publishers. (1995). Nelson's new illustrated Bible dictionary. Rev. ed. of: Nelson's illustrated Bible dictionary.; Includes index. Nashville: T. Nelson.[/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [/LEFT] [FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] الدليل الـ13 : [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][LEFT] [LEFT][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]DEACONESS. There are a number of indications in the [URL="http://www.arabchurch.com/forums/#_ftn1"]NT[/URL] that women as well as men were appointed as deacons. *Phoebe was diakonos of the church at Cencreae (Rom. 16:1) and Paul recommends her as his messenger. Although sometimes translated ‘servant’ ([URL="http://www.arabchurch.com/forums/#_ftn2"]av[/URL]), this is the word used for a deacon in 1 Tim. 3:8. It had no feminine form at this time. The Greek Fathers regularly read 1 Tim. 3:11, ‘The women likewise must be serious’ ([URL="http://www.arabchurch.com/forums/#_ftn3"]rsv[/URL]), as a reference to the qualities required for women deacons rather than deacons’ wives (av).[/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR][/LEFT] [LEFT][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]About [URL="http://www.arabchurch.com/forums/#_ftn4"]ad[/URL] 111 Pliny, governor of Bithynia, reported that he had questioned under torture two maidservants, who were called deaconesses (ministrae), concerning Christian rites (Epistolae, 10:96). After that there seems no clear literary notice of deaconesses before the 3rd century Didascalia. It portrays a culture where women were significantly enclosed. Women deacons had freedom to move within households, reaching women and children. [COLOR=Red][U]They played an important role at the baptism of women and in continuing to teach the converts[/U][/COLOR]. Around this time the feminine term diakonissa was coined.[/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR][/LEFT] [LEFT][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]Some have doubted the existence of such an office in NT times, but the consensus today seems to be that women such as Phoebe held a recognized office as deacon in Paul’s day. The emphasis in Luke 8:2f. on the involvement of women in Jesus’ ministry may have been intended to be an encouragement to them. Deaconesses gradually disappeared in later centuries, with the tendency for women’s ministry to be concentrated in celibate religious orders.[/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR][/LEFT] [COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5][URL="http://www.arabchurch.com/forums/#_ftnref1"]NT [/URL]New Testament [URL="http://www.arabchurch.com/forums/#_ftnref2"]av [/URL][/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]Authorized Version ( King James’), 1611 [URL="http://www.arabchurch.com/forums/#_ftnref3"]rsv [/URL][/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]Revised Standard Version : NT, 1946; OT, 1952; Common Bible, 1973 [URL="http://www.arabchurch.com/forums/#_ftnref4"]ad [/URL][/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]anno Domini Wood, D. R. W., & Marshall, I. H. (1996). New Bible dictionary (3rd ed.) (262). Leicester, England; Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press.[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [/LEFT] [FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] الدليل الـ14 : [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][LEFT][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]DEACONESSES. Female helpers who had the care of the poor and the sick among the women of the church. This office was needed because of the rigid separation of the sexes in that day. Paul mentions Phoebe as a deaconess of the church of Cenchrea, and it seems probable that Tryphaena, Tryphosa, and Persis, whom he commends for labor in the Lord, were deaconesses (Rom. 16:1, 12). In the Early Church. In the early church the apostolic constitution distinguished “deaconesses” from “widows” and “virgins” and prescribed their duties. The office of deaconess in the Eastern church continued down to the twelfth century. It was frequently occupied by the widows of clergymen or the wives of bishops, who were obliged to forgo the married state to enter upon their sacred office. Qualifications. Piety, discretion, and experience were in any case the indispensable prerequisites in candidates. During the first two centuries the church more carefully heeded the advice of Paul that the deaconess should have been the wife of one husband and that the church should admit to the office only those who had been thoroughly tested by previous trusts, having provided hospitality to strangers, washed the saints’ feet, relieved the afflicted, diligently followed every good work, etc. (1 Tim. 5:10). But at a later period there was more laxity, and younger and more inexperienced women were admitted. Ordination. The question of their ordination has been much debated. They were inducted into office by the imposition of hands; of that there is abundant proof. Such a practice, however, would not necessarily imply their right to fulfill the sacred functions of the ministry. Duties. The need of such helpers arose from the customs and usages of the ancient world, which forbade the intimate association of the sexes in public assemblies. [COLOR=Blue]They were to instruct the female catechumens, to assist [U][COLOR=Red]in the baptism of women, to anoint with holy oil[/COLOR][/U], to minister to believers who were languishing in prison, to care for the women who were in sickness or distress, and sometimes to act as doorkeepers in the churches.[/COLOR] It is plain that the deaconesses had other duties than those of keepers of the entrances of the church appointed for women, or even as assistants in baptism or instructors of candidates; they were employed in those works of charity and relief where heathen public opinion would not permit the presence of the deacons. Unger, M. F., Harrison, R. K., Vos, H. F., Barber, C. J., & Unger, M. F. (1988). The new Unger's Bible dictionary. Revision of: Unger's Bible dictionary. 3rd ed. c1966. (Rev. and updated ed.). Chicago: Moody Press. [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [/LEFT] [FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] الدليل الـ15 : [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][LEFT][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]Deaconess Where did women fit into the ministry of the early church? Paul’s inclusion of references to women in ministry is striking when compared with the role of women in general in the first century. He commended Phoebe for her service in the church at Cenchrea, using the word “deacon” to describe her (Rom 16:1). He praised her as a “helper” (v 2), a word that denotes leadership qualities (cf. Rom 12:8; 1 Tm 3:4–5). Some scholars have used that reference as an example of early development of the office of deaconess. Others have interpreted it in a nontechnical sense, meaning that Phoebe functioned in a generally serving role and thus was worthy of recognition at Rome. Whether “deacon” was used technically or [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]descr iptively [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5], ministry for both women and men in the NT was patterned after the example of Jesus, who “came not to be served but to serve” (Mk 10:45). [COLOR=Blue]Because of the large number of female converts (Acts 5:14; 17:4), women functioned in such areas of ministry as visitation, instruction in discipleship, and assistance in baptism. Deaconesses are mentioned in third-century [/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR][COLOR=Blue][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5]doc uments [/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR][COLOR=Black][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5][COLOR=Blue] as administering baptism to female converts.[/COLOR] [COLOR=Blue]Considering the rigid separation of the sexes in the Near East at that time[/COLOR], female participation in church ministry stands out in bold relief. A governor of Bithynia, Pliny the Younger (early second century), in his Correspondence with Trajan verified women officeholders in the church. Pliny also mentioned two deaconesses who were martyred for the cause of Christ. Elwell, W. A., & Comfort, P. W. (2001). Tyndale Bible dictionary. Tyndale reference library (364). Wheaton, Ill.: Tyndale House Publishers.[/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/COLOR] [/LEFT] [FONT=Tahoma][COLOR=Black][SIZE=4][B][FONT=Times New Roman][SIZE=5] ونكتفي بهذا القدر من الأدلة لعل من يحب الحق ويحب القراءة من المسلمين أن يقرأ ويعرف كيف خدعه أخوته المسلمون بهراء لا أصل له سواء قديماً أو حديثاً في كنيستنا الواحدة الوحيدة الجامعة الرسولية .. وبالطبع يوجد من المراجع الكثير والكثير كما عودناكم ولكن لنرفق بمن لا يحبون أن يروا الحق منهم. في النهاية يجب أن يعود القضل لمن له كل الفضل ، الرب يسوع المسيح إله الكل الذي قال .. [COLOR=Blue][COLOR=DarkRed]Mat 10:20[/COLOR] لأن لستم أنتم المتكلمين [COLOR=Red]بل[/COLOR] روح أبيكم الذي يتكلم فيكم. [COLOR=DarkRed]Luk 21:15[/COLOR] لأني أنا أعطيكم فما وحكمة [COLOR=Blue]لا يقدر [COLOR=Red]جميع[/COLOR][/COLOR] معانديكم أن يقاوموها [COLOR=Red]أو[/COLOR] يناقضوها. [/COLOR][/SIZE][/FONT][/B][/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE][/FONT] [/QUOTE]

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